CTLA4 and hepatocellular carcinoma: They found that T-cell exhaustion markers (PD-1, TIM-3, LAG3, and CTLA-4) were increased in CD8+ T-cells expressing high levels of 14-3-3ζ [49], indicating that 14-3-3ζ delivered by HCC-exosomes correlated significantly with an exhausted phenotype of T-cells.