Increased LV mRNA levels of proteins involved in the IGF1 (Insulin-like growth factor 1, Fig 2C) pathway such as IGF1 receptor (p<0.05) and the Akt (RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase) kinases (Akt1, p<0.05 and Akt2, p<0.01) were found in LVH and HF rats compared to Sham, while Akt3 did only increased in HF rats (p<0.05). This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and hydrops fetalis.