LCN2 and Nephropathy: Kidney damage biomarkers including kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), interleukin-18, liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP), insulin like growth factor binding protein-7 (IGFBP-7), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) may be elevated prior to an increase in Scr enhancing detection of kidney damage without functional change [7].