CD68 and myeloid sarcoma: Using brain autopsy tissue from patients with MS, Tobias et al. found that the main functional changes in Mφ and microglia are increased expression levels of molecules associated with inflammation, including CD68 (phagocytosis), human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and CD86 (antigen presentation and co-stimulation), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (microglia activation) (60).