In mice, TLR4 has been implicated in dendritic and mast cell activation during malaria (Furuta et al., 2008; Seixas et al., 2009), potentially contributing to the resistance of DBA/2 mice to infection with P. yoelii, although TLR4 has not been linked to the pathology of experimental cerebral malaria (Togbe et al., 2007). This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and cerebral malaria.