Up-regulation of TGFβRII, Smad4 and obviously phosphorylated Smad2/3 (P < 0.05 vs. the sham group, Figure 4C,G–I) after TAC were significantly down-regulated after Sta or Tel treatment (P < 0.05, Figure 4C,G–I). Here, SMAD4 is linked to persistent truncus arteriosus.