ADIPOQ and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Adiponectin plasma levels correlate inversely with obesity, insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes mellitus (Hotta et al., 2001; Kondo et al., 2002), with adiponectin levels in the CSF being 1000-fold lower than the plasma levels (Kos et al., 2007; Kusminski et al., 2007).