We propose that a panel comprising the markers CD45RA, CCR7, CD95, CD69, CD57, PD-1 as well as CD28, CD40L, and ICOS should be validated in larger cohorts of patients and used to develop a model aiding in the identification of NSCLC patients prone to show tumor regression upon anti-PD-1 therapy. This evidence concerns the gene ICOS and non-small cell lung carcinoma.