We speculated that at the late stage of AD pathology, overproduced MIF could still be beneficial in promoting neuronal survival if it can be received by neurons; on the other hand, however, the pool of MIF produced by immune cells may locally promote their own survival and proliferation, which in turn produce and release more MIF, leading to a vicious circle as seen in chronic inflammatory diseases in the peripheral. This evidence concerns the gene MIF and Alzheimer disease.