TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: For white VAT adipocytes, obesity is characterized by intense lipolysis with the formation of FFA, as well as an increase in the production of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) and leptin, which enters the bloodstream and causes irreversible changes in the body (i.e., dyslipidemia and insulin resistance) [31].