FMR1 and fragile X syndrome: In parallel, Janusz et al. [83] have demonstrated that FMRP controls local, dendritic/synaptic translation of MMP-9 and then Gkogkas et al. [208] using post mortem brains from FXS patients showed that phosphorylation of the mRNA 5′ cap binding protein, eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), was elevated concomitantly with increased expression of MMP-9 protein.