VCAM1 and rheumatoid arthritis: Moreover, following co-culture with endothelial cells, cell sorted monocyte subsets isolated from RA patients, promoted a significant activation of HUVECs, as demonstrated by the increased expression of adhesion molecules (i.e., VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin) and pro-thrombotic/pro-inflammatory mediators (i.e., TF and IL-8).