GPIHBP1 and glioma: However, a recent study found that Gpihbp1 transcript levels in rat aortic endothelial cells are upregulated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (Chiu et al., 2016), an angiogenic factor known to be expressed at high levels by glioma cells (Plate et al., 1994; Pietsch et al., 1997; Christov et al., 1998).