Hypomethylation led to the hyperactivation of rRNA gene transcription in human hepatocellular carcinomas (Ghoshal et al., 2004), lung cancer (Lu et al., 2009), and cervical cancer (Zhou et al., 2016), whereas hypermethylation led to the repression of rRNA gene transcription in CD34+ cells derived from patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (Raval et al., 2012). Here, CD34 is linked to myelodysplastic syndrome.