On the other hand, in addition to serum AFP for postoperative monitoring, there are many models or index that can reflect the prognosis of patients with HCC after curative hepatectomy, such as SII (35), GPR (14), NLR (19), etc., and there are some gene expression signatures succeeded in prognosis prediction and treatment responses for HCC (36, 37). Here, AFP is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.