BDNF and Hyperglycemia: It should be noted that the hippocampal overexpression of BDNF has no effects on ameliorating hyperglycemia (Fig. 2), although BDNF action via i.c.v. infusion [42] or in the hypothalamus via AAV-mediated gene transfer [43] substantially lowers blood glucose levels, suggesting that the antidiabetic role of BDNF is brain region-specific.