Previous reports characterized an acute immune response to ischemic stroke by profiling certain cytokines and chemokines (e.g., IL-1α and β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18, TNFα and soluble TNF-receptors p55, p75 and GRO-α) in the sera or cerebrospinal fluid of stroke patients [23-25]. Here, IL1A is linked to Stroke.