Given that A20 SNPs in other diseases, such as SLE, have been related to lower expression or function (175, 176), and that A20 deletion in the whole mouse or in different compartments, including the intestine, induces spontaneous inflammation (168, 174, 177, 178), it is thought (but not proven) that SNPs in the TNFAIP3 gene are associated with IBD decrease A20 expression. Here, TNFAIP3 is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.