With regards to treatment, it is crucial to distinguish NMOSD from MS early on in the disease process, since certain therapies for MS like β-interferon [13], fingolimod [15], natalizumab [16], alemtuzumab [14], can aggravate NMO and even increase AQP-4 IgG titers [13,36]. The gene discussed is AQP4; the disease is neuromyelitis optica.