PKD1 and neoplasm: While FBXO11 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells via PI3K/AKT pathway-mediated EMT [28], it acts as a tumour suppressor in lung and breast cancer by degrading SNAIL, via promotion of serine-11 phosphorylation by protein kinase D1 (PKD1), and inhibiting SNAIL-induced EMT [15].