Although HIV completely inhibits the IRF3-mediated IFN-I response in myeloid DCs, macrophages and CD4+ T cells upon uptake or infection (230–235), pDCs constitutively express high levels of IRF7 and upon sensing endosomal HIV ssRNA through TLR7, IFN-I production is rapidly and potently induced (225). Here, TLR7 is linked to infection.