While IL13 expression was not detected in any of the cell types we evaluated, suggesting a signal strength issue; CD36, FABP4 and TFF3, genes that are targets of IL13 signaling, were upregulated (53–55), and ATF3, which inhibits IL13 transcription (56), was downregulated in LECs from NASH livers (Figure 5A). This evidence concerns the gene ATF3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.