So far, substantial studies have reported that SOX17 is a tumour suppressor in many kinds of tumours including endometrial cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, oesophageal cancer, et al30, 37, 38 Moreover, SOX17 is indispensable for the specification of cardiac mesoderm and participates in cardiac differentiation,39, 40 indicating a pivotal role in myocardium. Here, SOX17 is linked to cholangiocarcinoma.