CSF2 and cancer: A range of endovascular therapies are presently available for the treatment of both primary and metastatic hepatic malignancy, including bland arterial embolization, chemoembolization using a variety of chemotherapy agents (e.g., fotemustine, BCNU, cisplatin), radioembolization using yttrium-90-labeled microspheres, and immunoembolization using granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) [9–12].