PD-1/PD-L1 signaling plays a critical role in inactivating immune cells and maintaining plaque stabilization in atherosclerotic lesions although T cell activation and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and TNF-α are highly appreciated in terms of anti-tumor effects [14,39,50,58,60]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and neoplasm.