TNF and epilepsy: Proinflammatory cytokines (PICs) (such as interleukin [IL]‐1β, IL‐6 and tumour necrosis factor [TNF]‐α) are increased in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid and neuronal tissues of patients during the progress of on epileptogenesis.13, 14 This result is in agreement with the effects of PICs on the pathophysiological responses of epilepsy and/or seizure‐induced cerebral damages.