The evidences revealed that intraocular level of inflammatory cytokines and VEGF in eyes with diabetic retinopathy can be further increased by cataract surgery and significantly increase the risk of DME, which was different from cystoid macular edema (CME) following cataract surgery (Irvine–Gass syndrome) for nondiabetic patients [3–5]. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is diabetic retinopathy.