MAPK14 and proteosome-associated autoinflammatory syndrome: Although the elevated serum levels of interferon (IFN)-inducible protein (IP)-10 and interleukin (IL)-6 were commonly observed in NNS and CANDLE cases, upregulated p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) cascade and type I IFN signature were identified as characteristic in NNS cases and in CANDLE cases, respectively [9, 10].