It is worth noting that the risk profile in RAGE gene differs between COPD and asthma, as our single-locus analysis revealed a significant association of rs1800625 with COPD and rs1800624 with asthma, indicating that COPD and asthma are genetically heterogeneous respiratory disorders, the findings being further reinforced by our haplotype-disease and haplotype-phenotype analyses. The gene discussed is AGER; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.