These monogenic syndromes include CAPS (Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes), DIRA [Deficiency of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA)], DITRA [Deficiency of IL-36 receptor antagonist (IL-36RA)], PAPA (Pyogenic sterile arthritis, PG, and acne), and chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) (21, 22). This evidence concerns the gene IL1RN and cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome.