While in vivo stimulation of DCs with PEGylated TLR7 ligand delayed diabetes and reduced insulitis upon transfer to prediabetic NOD mice, when these DCs were pulsed with GAD65515−524 peptide they significantly increased insulitis compared to both controls but also unloaded PEGylated TLR7 ligand–treated DCs (38). The gene discussed is TLR7; the disease is diabetes mellitus.