INS and kidney failure: Patients with DM were younger than those without DM (82.3 years for patients without DM vs 81.4 years for patients with orally treated DM vs 79.8 ± 5.5 years for patients with insulin-treated DM, p < 0.001) and had a lower ejection fraction (57.6 vs 56.4 vs 53.9, p = 0.001 respectively) and a higher incidence of comorbidities, such as coronary artery disease (57.4% vs 64.9% vs 72.1%, p < 0.001), previous CABG (12.9% vs 16.0% vs 24.6%, p < 0.001), major neurological deficits (9.6% vs 8.3% vs 14.5%, p = 0.021) and renal failure (4.0% vs 6.5% vs 10.9%, p < 0.001).