CSF2 and cancer: AbTg has been measured in patients affected by colon (n = 8), prostate (n = 35), or pancreatic (n = 53) cancer, before and after the GVAX therapy (a cancer vaccine made by whole tumor cells genetically modified to release the immune stimulatory cytokine, granulocyte–macrophage colony–stimulating factor (GM–CSF), and irradiated to prevent cell division) alone (n = 34), associated with ipilimumab (n = 42), or before and after ipilimumab alone (n = 20).