Collectively, CDCA-mediated effects in ameliorating insulin resistance and AD-associated pathologies were achieved through CDCA ability to modulate IRS-1/Akt/GLUT4, GLP-1/Akt/GLUT4, PPARγ/GLUT4, BDNF/CREB and BACE1/Aβ42, Figure 7. Here, GCG is linked to Alzheimer disease.