Blocking the ability of tumor cells to dynamically switch between cell states via inhibition of GLI proteins, OPN and other master regulators of cellular plasticity (Andricovich et al., 2018; Somerville et al., 2018) will be an important future direction in combating intrinsic and acquired resistance to therapy in PDA and other cancers. The gene discussed is SPP1; the disease is Patent ductus arteriosus.