To establish what role, if any, cancer-cell exosomes have on cell transformation, we assessed whether exosomes isolated from three pancreatic cancer cell lines, Capan-2, MIA PaCa-2, and Panc-1, which are known to carry oncogenic mutations in the KRAS gene, could act as an initiator and/or promoter in the CTA. The gene discussed is KRAS; the disease is familial pancreatic carcinoma.