Teng and colleagues (20) have proposed 4 patterns of tumor microenvironment according to PD-L1 expression and presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs): adaptive immune resistance (PD-L1 positive/TILs present), immune ignorance (PD-L1 negative/TILs absent), intrinsic induction (PD-L1 positive/TILs absent) and immune tolerance (PD-L1 negative/TILs present). The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.