Over the past decades, the emergence of therapies [such as those targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), or the immune checkpoints programmed cell death (PD-1)/programmed death ligand (PD-L1)] has led to an unprecedented improvement of progression-free survival in a subset of advanced NSCLC patients. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.