Subsequent studies have now shown that NKp46 is also expressed by innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) of group 1 (ILC1) and a subset of group 3 ILCs (NCR+ ILC3) (27, 28), γδ T cells (29, 30), a population of oligoclonally expanded intraepithelial (IEL) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) (31) and a population of IL-15-dependent innate-like IEL lacking surface TCR expression (32) in celiac disease patients, and umbilical cord blood (UCB) T cells cultured in IL-15 (33). This evidence concerns the gene IL15 and celiac disease.