Compared to 2D-adherent cultured cells, pancreatic cancer organoids demonstrated greater p-ERK1/2 expression, which was consistent with the findings in original resected PDAC tumors, and suggests that organoid models can be used to investigate the therapeutic effects of ERK inhibitors, due to the reproducible p-ERK1/2 expression, which is consistent with that in resected samples. This evidence concerns the gene MAPK1 and pancreatic neoplasm.