Adaptive immune cells such as CD3 + T lymphocytes and B220 + B lymphocytes had all increased in the large intestinal mucosa and lamina propria in the case of WT and ΔcadF (p < 0.001), but this was not observed during ΔflaA/B infection (Fig. 5b, c; Additional file 1: Fig. S1D, E). The gene discussed is PTPRC; the disease is infection.