CD8A and neoplasm: TILs cultured with a small inhibitory drug for protein kinase B (AKT) (80), naïve T cells cultured with an inhibitor for mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) (81) and CD8+ T cells exposed to 2-hydroxyglutarate (82) induces T cells with transcriptional and metabolic properties characteristic of memory T cells that show increased persistence and anti-tumor response in vivo after adoptive transfer.