Obesity can also enhance bone resorption by the increase of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels [Tumor Necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)], which promote osteoclast formation and activity by affecting RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway (37, 38). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.