Based on epidemiologic studies, about 65% to 75% of all cases of hereditary ovarian cancer are caused by gene mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2. The third major cause of hereditary ovarian cancer is hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) syndrome, which accounts for an additional 10% to 15% of all inherited cases [51]. The gene discussed is BRCA1; the disease is familial ovarian cancer.