By contrast, autophagy activity can stimulate β-catenin and Smad signaling by forming the p-β-catenin/p-Smad2 complex to enhance ILK expression, resulting in EMT promotion, indicating that autophagy inhibitors have the great capability to block EMT and cancer development by repressing β-catenin/Smad2 ILK activity [84]. The gene discussed is SMAD2; the disease is cancer.