IFNA1 and neoplasm: According to the core signaling pathways of early-stage papillary thyroid cancer, shown in Figure 2, the ligand IFNA1 (a cytokine-mediated signaling) is a type I IFN pleiotropic cytokine, which can induce the activity of antitumor immune T cells and dendritic cells, and can directly inhibit the proliferation of normal tumor cells in vitro and vivo [43].