FGFR1 mutations are also associated with increased risk of nonsyndromic CL/P, as well as of Kallmann syndrome with CL/P [70] and Hartsfield syndrome, which is characterized by holoprosencephaly, ectrodactyly, and CL/P [71]. The gene discussed is FGFR1; the disease is Hartsfield-Bixler-Demyer syndrome.