NLRP3 and rheumatoid arthritis: Xie Q. et al. (2018) suggested that miR-33 increases mitochondrial oxygen consumption and accumulation of reactive oxygen species which upregulates expression of NLRP3 and PCA1 in RA. Also, both miR-33 expression and NLRP3 inflammasome activity were found to be higher in RA monocytes as compared to controls (Xie Q. et al., 2018). These findings indicate that miR-33 could play an indirect role in pathogenesis of RA through NLRP3 inflammasome activation.