In T-helper 17 (Th17) infiltrating cells, a multifaceted T-cell subset with either anti-tumor or pro-tumor activity, ERK1/2 and NF-kB increase the recruitment of immature granulocytic-MDSCs, which create a local immune-suppressive and VEGF-independent pro-angiogenic environment [173]. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is neoplasm.