ERK and NF-kB synergize in promoting the resistance to anthracyclines in breast cancer, where the transmembrane tumor necrosis factor-α (tmTNF-α) activates both detoxification pathways dependent on ERK/glutathione-S transferase π and anti-apoptotic pathways dependent on ERK/NF-kB [100]. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and breast carcinoma.