In order to assess the clinical relevance of DCK and DCTPP1 expression, cancer biopsy tissues from either pancreatic cancer patients who received gemcitabine/did not receive chemotherapy or from patients from a pan-cancer Phase I cohort treated with NUC-1031 were immunostained using antibodies to DCK and DCTPP1, and scanned images obtained from Zeiss AxioScan were quantified using QuPath32. Here, DCTPP1 is linked to pancreatic neoplasm.